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Study conducted in mice counters long-standing views associating obesity with sweet taste
Rockville, Md. (August 13, 2020)—Sugar causes obesity even in the absence of its sweet taste, according to a new study. The research was conducted in mice and also uncovered an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (increased blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol). The results of the four-year study were recently published in the American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. It has been chosen as an APSselect article for August.
The success of the study was made possible in part due to mice that lack taste signaling but maintain sweet receptors in the gut. These “taste-blind” mice do not transfer taste information from the taste buds to the taste nerves.
Researchers reported three additional key findings in their study:
- Taste-blind mice demonstrated a preference and appetite for sugar regardless of not being able to taste its sweetness, indicating sugar can induce preference or craving through other mechanisms besides its sweet properties.
- Mice that were unable to metabolize fructose showed no appetite for any sugar, such as sucrose and high fructose corn syrup.
- Taste-blind mice with a high sugar intake developed obesity and metabolic syndrome, suggesting sugar can induce metabolic disease independent of its sweet properties.
More than 40% of adults in the U.S. are obese, according to the most recent data by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Study co-author Miguel Lanaspa Garcia, PhD, explained why these research results are relevant to improving the health of people: “It proposes targeting fructokinase, the enzyme involved in fructose metabolism, to prevent or even treat sugar-induced metabolic syndrome, while at the same time reducing our appetite for sugar.”
Read the full article, “Sugar causes obesity and metabolic syndrome in mice independently of sweet taste,” published in the American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism. It is highlighted as one of this month’s “best of the best” as part of the American Physiological Society’s APSselect program. Read all of this month’s selected research articles.
NOTE TO JOURNALISTS: To schedule an interview with a member of the research team, please contact the APS Communications Office or call 301.634.7314. Find more research highlights in our News Room.
Physiology is a broad area of scientific inquiry that focuses on how molecules, cells, tissues and organs function in health and disease. The American Physiological Society connects a global, multidisciplinary community of more than 10,000 biomedical scientists and educators as part of its mission to advance scientific discovery, understand life and improve health. The Society drives collaboration and spotlights scientific discoveries through its 16 scholarly journals and programming that support researchers and educators in their work.
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